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Christianity

Love of God and neighbour, grace, and the life and teaching of Jesus.

Introduction

Christianity emerged in first-century Judea among followers of Jesus of Nazareth and is today the world's largest religious tradition, with Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant and many other communities. Its central claims concern who Jesus is, what his death and resurrection mean, and how people are reconciled to God.

Its scripture is the Bible: the Hebrew Scriptures (which Christians call the Old Testament) together with the New Testament — four Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, letters attributed to Paul and others, and Revelation. Different churches differ on the canon (for example the deuterocanonical books), on translation, and on how scripture relates to tradition and reason.

Because of this diversity, the Guide describes broad emphases that most Christians share while noting where Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant readings diverge.

Primary scriptures

The Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John)

Four accounts of Jesus' life, teaching, death and resurrection.

Hebrew Scriptures / Old Testament

Torah, Prophets and Writings shared with Judaism, including Genesis, Psalms and Isaiah.

The Letters (Epistles)

Letters of Paul, Peter, John and others to early churches — for example Romans and 1 Corinthians.

Acts and Revelation

The story of the early church and an apocalyptic vision of renewal.

Major concepts

Grace

God's unearned favour toward humanity, central to Paul's letters and to Reformation theology.

The Kingdom of God

The heart of Jesus' preaching — God's reign breaking into the world, present and still to come.

Trinity

The classical Christian understanding of one God as Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

Incarnation and Resurrection

The belief that God became human in Jesus and that his resurrection defeats death.

Love of neighbour

Jesus' summary of the law: love God and love your neighbour as yourself (Matthew 22:37–40).

Relevant passages

Passages the Guide cites for the questions in the library, each linked to a public reference edition.

Forgiveness

Matthew 6:14–15

Forgiving others is linked to receiving God's forgiveness.

Matthew 18:21–22

Forgive 'seventy-seven times'.

Ephesians 4:32

Forgive one another as God in Christ has forgiven you.

Luke 6:37

'Forgive, and you will be forgiven.'

Death & the afterlife

John 11:25–26

'I am the resurrection and the life.'

1 Corinthians 15:42–44

The body is raised imperishable and spiritual.

Revelation 21:4

'Death will be no more.'

Suffering

Job 38–42

God answers Job from the whirlwind without explaining his suffering.

Romans 5:3–5

Suffering produces endurance, character and hope.

2 Corinthians 12:9

'My grace is sufficient for you, for power is made perfect in weakness.'

Matthew 5:4

'Blessed are those who mourn.'

Purpose of life

Matthew 22:37–39

Love God; love your neighbour as yourself.

Micah 6:8

Do justice, love kindness, walk humbly with God.

Ephesians 2:10

Created for good works prepared beforehand.

Meaning of life

Ecclesiastes 12:13

'The end of the matter... Fear God, and keep his commandments.'

John 10:10

'I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly.'

Matthew 16:25

Losing one's life for Christ's sake to find it.

God & ultimate reality

Matthew 28:19

In the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

John 1:1–14

The Word was God and became flesh.

Enemies & conflict

Matthew 5:43–44

'Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.'

Luke 6:27–28

Do good to those who hate you; bless those who curse you.

Romans 12:20–21

Feed your enemy; overcome evil with good.

Love

Matthew 22:37–39

Love God with all your heart; love your neighbour as yourself.

1 Corinthians 13:4–7

'Love is patient; love is kind... it endures all things.'

1 John 4:7–8

'Whoever does not love does not know God, for God is love.'

Right & wrong

Exodus 20:1–17

The Ten Commandments: God speaks the law to Israel.

Micah 6:8

'Do justice, love kindness, and walk humbly with your God.'

Romans 2:14–15

The law's requirements are 'written on their hearts'; conscience bears witness.

Peace & stillness

John 14:27

'Peace I leave with you; my peace I give to you.'

Philippians 4:6–7

Prayer with thanksgiving; 'the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding'.

Matthew 11:28–30

'Come to me, all you who are weary... you will find rest for your souls.'

Grief & loss

Matthew 5:4

'Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted.'

1 Thessalonians 4:13–14

Do not grieve 'as others do who have no hope'; the dead will be raised with Jesus.

Revelation 21:4

'He will wipe every tear from their eyes. Death will be no more.'

Frequently asked questions

What is the Christian Bible made of?

The Old Testament (the Hebrew Scriptures, 39 books in Protestant Bibles and more in Catholic and Orthodox canons) and the New Testament (27 books). Translations such as the NRSV, ESV, NIV and KJV differ in wording; the Guide links to the NRSVUE for reference.

Do all Christians read scripture the same way?

No. Catholic and Orthodox churches read scripture alongside church tradition and councils; many Protestants emphasise scripture alone; interpretive approaches range from literal to historical-critical.

What does Christianity say about other religions?

Views vary widely, from exclusivist to inclusivist and pluralist positions. The Guide reports these differences rather than choosing among them.

Ask the Guide about Christianity

Answers are AI-assisted, drawn from nine traditions and linked to original sources. No account needed.

The Scripture Guide uses artificial intelligence to help organize and explain religious texts and traditions. AI-generated responses may contain errors or omissions. When accuracy is important, consult the original scripture and authoritative sources.