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Tradition

Sikhism

One God, honest work, remembrance and service to all.

Introduction

Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak (1469–1539) in the Punjab and developed under nine successor Gurus. It teaches the oneness of God (Ik Onkar), equality of all people regardless of caste or gender, honest livelihood, sharing with others and constant remembrance of the divine Name.

The Guru Granth Sahib is the eternal Guru of the Sikhs — a 1,430-page scripture in Gurmukhi script containing the hymns of six Sikh Gurus together with compositions by Hindu and Muslim saints such as Kabir, Namdev and Sheikh Farid. It is cited by Ang (page), and its opening composition, Japji Sahib, begins with the Mool Mantar.

The Guide cites the Guru Granth Sahib by Ang and links to SikhiToTheMax, which presents Gurmukhi, transliteration and English side by side.

Primary scriptures

Guru Granth Sahib

The living Guru — 1,430 Angs of devotional poetry set to 31 ragas, compiled by Guru Arjan and completed by Guru Gobind Singh.

Japji Sahib

Guru Nanak's opening composition, beginning with the Mool Mantar (Ang 1–8).

Dasam Granth

Compositions attributed to Guru Gobind Singh, held in respect though not as scripture on the level of the Guru Granth Sahib.

Major concepts

Ik Onkar

There is one God — the opening of the Mool Mantar (Ang 1).

Naam japna, kirat karni, vand chhakna

Remembering God, earning honestly, and sharing with others — the three pillars of Sikh life.

Hukam

The divine will or order within which all things unfold.

Seva and langar

Selfless service, embodied in the free community kitchen open to all.

Haumai

Self-centredness or ego, the root barrier between a person and God.

Relevant passages

Passages the Guide cites for the questions in the library, each linked to a public reference edition.

Forgiveness

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1372 (Bhagat Kabir)

'Where there is forgiveness, there is God Himself.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1378 (Sheikh Farid)

Do not strike back at those who strike you.

Death & the afterlife

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1426–1429 (Salok Mahalla 9)

Guru Tegh Bahadur on the transience of the world.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 579–580 (Alahania, Guru Nanak)

Hymns for the time of death: dying in remembrance of God is blessed.

Suffering

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 469 (Asa di Var, Guru Nanak)

'Suffering is the medicine, and pleasure the disease.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1 (Japji Sahib)

All happens within Hukam, the divine order.

Purpose of life

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 12 (Guru Arjan)

'This human body has been given to you. This is your chance to meet the Lord of the Universe.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1 (Japji Sahib)

Becoming truthful by walking in Hukam.

Meaning of life

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1 (Japji Sahib, Pauri 1)

How to become truthful: by walking in Hukam.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 954

'O Nanak, the whole world is suffering' — apart from the Name.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 62

'Truth is higher than everything; but higher still is truthful living.'

God & ultimate reality

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1 (Mool Mantar)

'Ik Onkar, Sat Naam, Karta Purakh...'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1349 (Bhagat Kabir)

First God created the light; all beings come from that one light.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1136

'I am neither Hindu nor Muslim... the One God is my Lord.'

Enemies & conflict

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1299 (Guru Arjan)

'No one is my enemy, and no one is a stranger.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1378 (Sheikh Farid)

Do not strike back; go peacefully home.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1349 (Bhagat Kabir)

All beings come from the one light; who is good and who is bad?

Love

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 557 (Guru Nanak)

'I would cut myself into pieces for the Blessed Vision of Your Darshan.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1379 (Sheikh Farid)

A body without love of the Lord is a cremation ground.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1384 (Sheikh Farid)

'Do not break anyone's heart; these are all priceless jewels.'

Right & wrong

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 62 (Guru Nanak)

'Truth is higher than everything; but higher still is truthful living.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1245 (Guru Nanak)

One who works for what he eats and shares 'knows the Path'.

Peace & stillness

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1 (Mool Mantar, Guru Nanak)

'No Fear. No Hatred. Image Of The Undying.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 2 (Japji Sahib, Guru Nanak)

'Your pain shall be sent far away, and peace shall come to your home.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 262 (Sukhmani Sahib, Guru Arjan)

'Meditate... in remembrance of Him, and find peace. Worry and anguish shall be dispelled.'

Grief & loss

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 4 (Japji Sahib, Guru Nanak)

'By the Hukam of God's Command, we come and go.'

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 579 (Alahania, Guru Nanak)

'Death would not be called bad... if one knew how to truly die'; all happens by His Will.

Guru Granth Sahib, Ang 1429 (Salok Mahalla 9, Guru Tegh Bahadur)

'Nothing lasts forever; the world is like a dream.'

Frequently asked questions

Is the Guru Granth Sahib only written by Sikh Gurus?

No. It includes hymns of six Gurus and of Hindu and Muslim saints (Bhagats) such as Kabir, Namdev, Ravidas and Sheikh Farid — a deliberate statement of shared truth.

How is the Guru Granth Sahib cited?

By Ang (page) number, from 1 to 1430, often with the composer (e.g. Fifth Mehl = Guru Arjan) and raga.

Do Sikhs believe in reincarnation?

Yes, the Guru Granth Sahib speaks of the cycle of birth and death and of liberation through God's grace and remembrance of the Name.

Ask the Guide about Sikhism

Answers are AI-assisted, drawn from nine traditions and linked to original sources. No account needed.

The Scripture Guide uses artificial intelligence to help organize and explain religious texts and traditions. AI-generated responses may contain errors or omissions. When accuracy is important, consult the original scripture and authoritative sources.